Glossary

What Is Profit Factor and How to Calculate It

The sum of all profits in R divided by the sum of all losses in R. Above 1 means net positive; Trading OS computes it in R, not money.

How it works

Profit factor (PF) shows how much profit you make for every unit of loss over a period. It's calculated as the sum of results from all winning trades, divided by the absolute sum of results from all losing trades. In a trade journal it's most useful to sum these in R rather than dollars, so PF doesn't get skewed by risk size changing during the period.

PF above 1 means total profit outweighs total loss: a PF of 2 means for every 1R lost, 2R was earned. PF of exactly 1 is the break-even point before accounting for fees, and PF below 1 means the system, as currently run, is losing money regardless of win rate.

PF should be read alongside sample size: two or three lucky wins can temporarily push the PF of a small sample to a level that won't hold up over the long run. A PF calculated across 200 trades tells you far more than one calculated across 15.

Example

Over a period, winning trades sum to 18R and losing trades sum to 9R. PF = 18 / 9 = 2. That means for every R lost, an average of 2R was made in profit.

Common mistake

A common mistake is calculating PF in dollars instead of R when risk per trade changed over the period. One outsized trade then distorts the number, and it stops reflecting the system's actual quality.

Read next

Frequently asked questions

What counts as a good PF?
A PF above 1.5 across 50–100 trades usually signals a working system, but win rate and drawdown matter too — the number alone doesn't tell the whole story.
Why can PF be above 1 while the account is still down?
Usually because of fees, spread, and slippage, which PF calculated in R doesn't directly account for — check those separately in dollar terms.

Plan versus outcome — for every trade

The Trading OS journal keeps the planned RR and the actual R of each trade side by side and computes expectancy from real results.

No sign-up — the journal runs in your browser; an account is only needed for sync.

Open the journal